# Mathematics I (Math 1132)

Durham College, Mathematics
Free
• 42 lessons
• 0 quizzes
• 10 week duration
• ##### Measurements

An introduction to numerical computation. Emphasis is placed on scientific and engineering notation, the rule of significant figures, and converting between SI and Imperial units.

• ##### Fractions, Percentage, Ratios and Proportion

Emphasis here is placed on understanding fractions, percent, and using ratios to compare quantities and set up proportions to solve problems.

• ##### Geometry

This unit focuses on analyzing and understand the characteristics of various shapes, both 2D and 3D.

## Mathematics I (Math 1132)

### Identify, measure, and calculate different types of straight lines and angles

Much of this section can be summarized using the diagram:

Notice how lines 1 and 2 (denoted L1 and L2) are parallel (they never intersect), and that’s indicated by red arrows. Line T is called the transversal, it simply cuts through L1 and L2. How each of these angles are related is explained below.

# Opposite Angles

Angles that are across from each other are equal (× pattern).

• Using the diagram above:
• ∠A = ∠D
• ∠C = ∠B
• ∠E = ∠H
• ∠G = ∠F
• Generally:

# Supplementary Angles

Any two angles whose measures sum to 180°. In the original diagram, ∠A + ∠B = 180° (though other examples also exist).

• Generally:

# Complementary Angles

Angle pairs whose measures sum to one right angle (90°). This is not illustrated in the example above.

• Generally:

# Corresponding Angles

When two parallel lines are crossed by the transversal, the angles in matching corners are equal (F pattern). In the original diagram, ∠A are ∠E are equal (though other examples also exist).

• Generally:

# Alternate Interior Angles

Two interior angles which lie on different parallel lines and on opposite sides of a transversal are equal (Z pattern). In the original diagram, ∠E are ∠D are equal (though other examples also exist).

• Generally:

# Co-interior Angles

Angles on the same side of the transversal and inside the parallel lines are supplementary (both angles add up to 180°).

• Using the same diagram we started with, ∠C and ∠E summed up should equal to 180°. Algebraically, this can be represented as ∠C + ∠E = 180°.

A summary on parallel lines is shown below:

Examples where we apply these rules are shown below:

• Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4 can be accessed by clicking each link. Parts 3 and 4 incorporate algebraic expressions into the mix. It’s just another example displaying the versatility of algebra found across many fields of mathematics.

# Corresponding Segments

When a number of parallel lines are cut by two transversals, the portions of the transversals lying between the same parallels are called corresponding segments.

Let’s apply this to a real-life situation:

Question: A portion of a street map is shown. Find the distances PQ and QR.

Solution: The transversal lines are Avenue A and B. Start by comparing these two sides via a fraction:

$\frac{355}{402}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}$

This fraction is then made equal to 172 over PQ:

$\frac{355}{402}=\frac{172}{PQ}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}$

To solve, you can cross-multiply to get 195 feet. Similarly, to find QR: